Today's Word

Fallacy

FAL-uh-see

Definition

(noun) A mistaken belief or flawed line of reasoning that appears convincing but leads to an incorrect conclusion.

Example

The claim that because something is natural it must be safe is a well-known fallacy.

Word Origin

From Latin fallacia, meaning “deceit, trick, artifice,” derived from fallax (“deceitful”), from fallere (“to deceive, to trip up”). The same root gives us “fail,” “false,” “fault,” and “infallible.” A fallacy, at its etymological core, is something that trips you up — a deceptive stumble built into the reasoning itself.

Fun Fact

Aristotle catalogued the first formal list of fallacies in Sophistical Refutations around 350 BCE, identifying 13 types of faulty argument. Today, logicians have catalogued over 100 recognized fallacies — from the ad hominem (attacking the person rather than the argument) to the slippery slope to the Texas sharpshooter (cherry-picking data to support a predetermined conclusion). In an era of social media and rapid-fire debate, being able to name and identify a fallacy on the spot is considered one of the most practically useful intellectual tools a person can develop.

Previous Words

Dour

Today's Word

Dour

DOUR (rhymes with “tour”)

Definition

(adjective) Relentlessly stern and humorless in manner; gloomy and forbidding in appearance or disposition.

Example

The dour headmaster presided over every assembly with the expression of someone who had personally witnessed the decline of civilization and held the students responsible.

Word Origin

Dour derives from the Latin durus, meaning “hard” or “harsh,” through the Scottish Gaelic dúr, meaning “dull” or “obstinate.” It entered English primarily through Scottish usage in the 15th century, where it described not just sternness of expression but a deep, habitual resistance to anything resembling levity or warmth. The word carries its Scottish origins quietly — it is one of those words that sounds exactly like what it means, its single syllable landing with the blunt finality of the disposition it describes.

Fun Fact

Scotland has a long and affectionate relationship with the concept of dourness — so much so that it has become a cultural identifier embraced rather than resisted. The Scottish Calvinist tradition, which dominated the country’s religious and cultural life for centuries, placed enormous emphasis on sobriety, restraint, and the suppression of outward displays of emotion or pleasure. Smiling too readily was considered suspicious. Enjoyment required justification. The dour Presbyterian elder became a stock figure in Scottish literature — simultaneously mocked and respected, his grimness a kind of integrity. Robert Burns spent a significant portion of his career cheerfully undermining this tradition, which is possibly why the Scots love him so much.

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Fallacy

Definition

Example

Word Origin

Previous Words

Dour

Dour

Definition

Example

Word Origin

Dour

Inviolable

Elucidate

Allay

Convivial