- Today's Word
Flabbergasted
[FLAB-er-gas-tid]
Definition
- (adjective) Extremely shocked, surprised, or astonished to the point of being unable to speak; overwhelmed with bewilderment or shock. As an adjective, it describes a state of complete surprise or disbelief.
Example
The magician left his audience flabbergasted when he seemingly made the elephant disappear from the stage.
Fun Fact
The word “flabbergasted” emerged in the late 18th century and is considered one of English’s more peculiar linguistic inventions. Its exact origin is uncertain, though it’s believed to be a combination of “flabber” (possibly related to “flap” or “flabby”) and “gast” (meaning “to frighten”). Some linguists suggest it may have been a nonsense word that caught on due to its expressive sound, as it perfectly mimics the feeling of being stunned speechless. The term first appeared in print around 1772, gaining popularity during the Victorian era.
(adjective) Stubbornly and openly resistant to authority; defiant in the face of rules or commands.
The contumacious witness refused to answer the judge’s questions despite three separate warnings, ultimately forcing the court to hold her in contempt.
Contumacious derives from the Latin contumax, meaning “insolent” or “stubborn,” rooted in contemnere — “to despise” or “to scorn.” It entered English in the 16th century primarily as a legal term, used specifically to describe a person who willfully defied a court’s authority or refused to comply with its orders — a meaning it still carries in formal legal contexts today alongside its broader use.