SAY-lee-uhnt
(adjective) Most noticeable or important; standing out conspicuously.
The most salient point in her argument was supported by hard data.
Fun Fact
“Salient” comes from the Latin salire, “to leap”—and originally described things leaping to attention. In modern use, it identifies the most visible or prominent feature in a list, argument, or design. A salient trait grabs your focus, even when surrounded by noise.
kuh-PRISH-us
(adjective) Given to sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior; unpredictable and impulsive.
The capricious weather ruined their beach plans when sunny skies suddenly turned to thunderstorms.
Early 17th century: from French “capricieux,” from Italian “capriccioso,” from “capriccio” meaning “sudden change of mind,” literally “head with hair standing on end” (suggesting fright), from “capo” (head) + “riccio” (hedgehog).
Fun Fact
Capricious shares its root with “caprice” and originally connected to goats through “Capricorn”—the idea being that goats leap unpredictably from rock to rock, much like capricious behavior jumps from one whim to another. The hedgehog etymology suggests hair standing on end from sudden fright, capturing that startled, impulsive quality. Fashion gets called capricious when trends change inexplicably. Ancient peoples attributed capricious behavior to the gods, whose moods seemed to shift without warning. Unlike “fickle,” which implies shallow changeability, capricious can describe weather, fate, or fortune—impersonal forces that shift without regard to logic. The stock market behaves capriciously, as do certain creative geniuses whose inspiration arrives and departs mysteriously.
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