TOR-pid
(adjective) Sluggish, inactive, or lacking energy.
The heat left everyone feeling torpid and unmotivated.
Fun Fact
Animals in hibernation enter a torpid state to conserve energy. In humans, torpidity is more metaphorical—used to describe slow workdays, fatigue, or that post-lunch energy crash.
dawg-MAT-ik
(adjective) Asserting opinions or beliefs in an arrogant, rigid, and often unyielding way.
His dogmatic approach left no room for compromise or alternative ideas.
Mid 17th century: from late Latin dogmaticus, from Greek dogmatikos, from dogma ‘opinion, tenet’.
Fun Fact
Dogmatic is often used in politics, academia, or religion—anywhere someone clings to a belief system so tightly that opposing views are dismissed outright. It doesn’t necessarily mean the belief is wrong—just that it’s inflexibly held. In leadership or conversation, being called dogmatic is rarely a compliment; it suggests stubborn conviction without curiosity or tolerance.